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Apologetics Class 11/5/2017

Today in the Apologetics Class, we continued our mini-series on the reformation by watching Martin Luther the Man (part 4-5):

Here is the note-taking form I passed out at the beginning of the class:

Martin Luther (Part 2)

Excommunicated and on trial (19 minutes 44 seconds)

Luther was a university professor and he was posting basically a proposal for a d__________.
For several years after the posting of the 95 Theses, Luther was, publicly, very r___________________ toward the P________.
When Luther started challenging Tetzel, Tetzel didn’t take it lying down. He accused Luther of heresy.
Tetzel accused Luther of being a “Hus-ite” it was Jan Hus who challenged the Pope and was b_____________ at the s_____________ at the Council of Constance in 1450.
The 95 theses reached the Pope in Rome he said, Luther is just a drunken German. He’ll think differently when he gets sober.
In Heidelberg, in 1518 Luther was put on the biggest stage for the order of the Augustinian monks by his superior (Staupitz).
In the Heidelberg disputation, Luther is espousing a theology of the c_________ that rejects w_______________ righteousness.
The Heidelberg disputation of 1518 was in many ways even more significant than the 95 Theses of 1517.
Pope Leo X appointed Prieres a Dominican monk to respond to Luther. The Dominicans in the Augustinians had a bit of a rivalry
Pope Leo X demanded that Frederick the Wise, responsible for the University of Wittenberg, to deliver up Luther, that “child of the devil”.
Luther wrote that he’d be happy to recant if they just tell me where I’m w______________.
Luther had a debate, which in those days were very long, in this example, 18 days!
Luther was coaxed into admitting that some of the doctrines of Hus, a heretic who had been burned at the stake by the Catholic Church 100 years earlier, should not have been condemned. Then the crowd started to shout, “Death to Luther, the S__________ H________!”
After the debate, Johann Eck traveled to Rome to get a P___________ B________ declaring Luther a heretic. He was the first to start calling Lutherans Lutherans as a term of d____________-that they were following Luther, and not following the authority of the Pope.
The Leipzig debate opened up the issue of authority.
Luther sees the need for reform in the church, but he sees that this is not going to come from the hierarchy of the church. Luther calls on the Christian nobility, asking the princes to intervene for the sake of the church-“if the Pope won’t do it, you princes do it.”
In the year 1520, Luther wrote several treatises.
A Papal Bull was called a bull because the Pope’s seal was attached to the document. In Latin, the seal was called Bulla.
Luther was given a 60-day notice that he would be e____________________ from the church if he did not return to papal o_______________________.
Luther publicly b_____________ the papal bull, along with the canon law of the Catholic Church.
Luther believed that he too was going to be burned at the stake just like Jan Hus.
The Diet, or assembly, of Worms was convened in 1521.
Prior to the Diet of Worms, the Pope had Luther excommunicated for burning the papal bull.
When Luther was summoned to appear before the Diet of Worms, Frederick the Wise, his elector was concerned about Luther’s safety traveling to and from the Diet of Worms, so he secured s__________ t____________ for Luther to and from the Diet of Worms.
Luther was greeted as a h___________ by the Germans when he arrived at the Diet of Worms.
Johann Eck, the prosecutor, pointed to a table of books and asked Luther are these yours? When Luther answered yes, the prosecutor asked him, “Will you know r__________ all that you have written?” Luther asked to be able to think about it overnight. The next day Luther said, “Unless I am convinced by the testimony of S____________, or by clear reason, for I do not trust in the Pope or councils alone for it is known that they have often erred and contradicted themselves, I am bound by the Scriptures I have quoted and my c____________ is captive to the w________ of G_______. I cannot and will not recant anything, since it is neither s_______ nor r_________ to go against conscience. Here I s____________, I can do no other. May God help me!”

In hiding, and the emergence of the Lutheran Church (20 minutes 28 seconds)

The Edict of Worms by Emperor Charles V says “for this reason we forbid anyone from this time forward to dare, either by words or by deeds, to receive, defend, sustain, or favor the said Martin Luther. On the contrary, we want him to be apprehended and punished as a notorious heretic.”
The edict meant that Luther could be killed by a___________, anytime, anywhere, without any fear of r________________. But Luther had been kidnapped by people working for his prince, in order to protect him. They took Luther to the castle of Frederick the Wise – the Wartburg. Even Frederick the Wise didn’t know where he was.
In 11 or 12 weeks, while in the castle, Luther translated the entire N_______ T_______________ from Greek into German. In Luther’s day the only official Bible was the Latin Vulgate. To possess a Bible in any other language than Latin, Greek or Hebrew was punishable by d_____________.
In 1517, 7 parents were burned at the stake for teaching their children The L__________’s P_____________ in English.
Luther had found a way to escape his own fear and terror of God, in the word of God, and he wanted people to know that p______________ that he had found.
Luther introduced the concept that people should be able to understand God’s word in their own l_____________ and not depend on hearing it i___________________ by the church.
This work of translation was one of Luther’s greatest accomplishments. We would have heard of him even if he had done nothing in terms of the Reformation.
Luther’s Reformation was always a conservative Reformation, k__________ as much as possible from the medieval Church. Only that which contradicts scripture should be surrendered.
Luther didn’t I want a religious reform movement turned into a political or social revolution. Luther was trying to steer a middle course between all the contrasting extremes that were upsetting the whole program.
In 1526 Luther was rebuilding the church.
In late medieval worship service the congregation were regarded as s__________. They listened to the Liturgy of the mass, probably sung by a choir. But Luther wanted them to be a_________.
In Luther’s liturgy, lay people would be receiving both of the elements in communion (b____________ and w____________) which was not the custom in the medieval Church.
Luther was the author of the hymn, the great battle hymn of the Reformation, “A Mighty F________________ Is Our God”.
Luther wrote the large and the small catechism. The large catechism was for pastors. The small catechism was written so that the head of the household could t___________ the truths of the scriptures to his c___________________.
In 1529, the Roman Emperor Charles V, sent a letter to all the Lutheran princes Asking them to come back to the mother church “or else”.
The Lutheran princes responded from Speyer in 1529, “we protest…” This is where the word P________________ comes from.
There was a meeting of key Protestant leaders, Luther, Zwingli, and others at Marburg in 1529. In that meeting they agreed on everything except the L____ S_____. Zwingli trying to spiritualize it, Luther was immovable on point that the Lord’s Body and blood were present in communion.
Charles V called for a diet at Augsburg in 1530 for the Lutheran prince’s to gather and defend their religious convictions.
Luther was still under the Bull of the Pope and the ban of Charles V, and he had to stay 150 miles away from Augsburg. Luther did not attend but Melanchthon did on his behalf. Out of this came the Augsburg C_________________.
To this day, the Augsburg Confession is the confession of the Lutheran church.
Cornerstones of Lutheran Churches to this day, often have the letters U.A.C. engraved on them. This indicates that they adhere to the U_________________ Augsburg Confession.
The Smalcaldic Confession became one of the key documents of the Lutheran theology.
The Book of Concord is the final document which includes the Smalcaldic confession and forms the basis of Lutheranism.
There was a Roman Catholic pharmacist present at Luther’s death who testified what happened there. Luther had a massive heart attack in Eisleben (the town where he had been born) & his friend Justus Jonas asks him, while in the throes of agony, “Are you willing to stand on the confession of Christ which you have made?” He replied yes & kept quoting John 3:16 to himself.
Martin Luther is important because he rediscovered the g_____________, the good news that God in Christ his reconciling the world to Himself. That rediscovery had tremendous consequences for both church and culture.

Discussion Questions

What were some of the negative aspects of Luther’s views (not discussed in the video)?
What was Luther’s purpose in posting the 95 Theses on the door of the Castle Church?
Who was Jan Hus what happened to him?
Why did Leo X excommunicate Luther from the Roman Catholic Church?
What great hymn did Martin Luther write?
When and where did Martin Luther translate the New Testament from Greek to German?
Did Martin Luther want to start a new church?
Who first called Lutherans Lutherans?
Where did the word “Protestant” come from?
How did Luther respond at the Diet of Worms when Johann Eck asked him to recant?
What was the punishment during Luther’s day for possessing a Bible in any other language than Latin?
Were there other reformers besides Luther? Who are some?